A short history
Zagreb grew from two medieval hilltop settlements: Kaptol, the church town, and Gradec, the royal free town, which were rivals for centuries. They merged into one city in 1850 under Habsburg rule, and the Lower Town was laid out with grand squares and parks. Zagreb became the capital of independent Croatia in 1991. An earthquake in March 2020 damaged the cathedral and many historic buildings, and restoration is ongoing.