A short history
Spaniards reached the bay in 1536, and Valparaiso grew slowly as a small colonial port. After Chile's independence it boomed in the 1800s as the main stop for ships rounding Cape Horn, and British and German merchants built banks and mansions. Funiculars were built from 1883 to carry people up the steep hills. The 1906 earthquake and the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 ended the boom. The historic quarter was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003 and is now known for its street art.