A short history
Spanish settlers from Chile founded Mendoza in 1561 in an oasis watered by Huarpe irrigation channels. General Jose de San Martin trained his Army of the Andes here before crossing the mountains in 1817 to free Chile and Peru. An earthquake in 1861 leveled the city, and it was rebuilt with wide streets, low buildings and many plazas to reduce future risk. Open channels called acequias still water the tree lined streets. Italian and Spanish immigrants expanded the vineyards, and Mendoza is now Argentina's leading wine region.