A short history
Polynesian voyagers settled Kauai many centuries ago, and the island kept its independence until its ruler joined the Hawaiian Kingdom peacefully in 1810. Captain James Cook first landed in Hawaii at Waimea on Kauai in 1778. Sugar plantations shaped the island's economy and diverse population from the 1800s. Hurricane Iniki in 1992 caused major damage, and tourism has since become the main industry. The population figure is for Kauai County.