A short history
For centuries villagers cut terraces into the steep hills to grow vines and olives, held up by thousands of kilometers of dry stone walls. The five villages were mostly reached by sea or by mule paths, which kept them isolated and poor. The coastal railway arrived in the 1870s and slowly opened the area to the outside world. The Cinque Terre, Portovenere and the nearby islands became a UNESCO site in 1997, and the national park was created in 1999. Floods in 2011 badly damaged Vernazza and Monterosso, and both were rebuilt.