A short history
Belo Horizonte was planned in the 1890s to replace Ouro Preto as the capital of Minas Gerais and was inaugurated in 1897. Its grid of streets and diagonal avenues was laid out around a central park. In the 1940s mayor Juscelino Kubitschek commissioned the young Oscar Niemeyer to design the Pampulha complex, later a UNESCO site. The city grew rapidly with mining and industry in the 20th century.